Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-9 (of 9 Records) |
Query Trace: Strasser S[original query] |
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Collective insights of public-private partnership impacts and sustainability: A qualitative analysis.
Strasser S , Stauber C , Shrivastava R , Riley P , O'Quin K . PLoS One 2021 16 (7) e0254495 The global Coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic exposed the weakness of healthcare systems including laboratory systems and is a call to action for unprecedented collaboration and partnerships to deal with the global crisis. The United States (U.S.) President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) establishes the global HIV/AIDS treatment agenda in alignment with the UNAIDS 90-90-90 treatment targets to achieve epidemic control related to enhanced testing, treatment, and viral suppression. A strategic PEPFAR priority area recognizes that large-scale collective efforts and sharing of resources bear greater potential impact for lasting change than any single organization or entity can achieve alone. An important vehicle utilized within the global public health context is the public-private partnership (PPP) model whereby multiple international organizations forge unified project charters to collectively reach mutually agreed goals. While touted as an ideal mechanism to synthesize resources and maximize gain in numerous applications, little is known from a seasoned stakeholder perspective regarding PPP implementation and sustainability issues. The purpose of this research is to holistically examine perceptions of PPP model sustainability related to inputs and impacts among a collective network of stakeholders experienced with PEPFAR workforce development, laboratory-system strengthening project implementation. Interviews were conducted with frontline stakeholders from public and private sector organizations based in the US and select PEPFAR-supported priority countries. Analysis revealed three dominant themes: PPP impacts, keys of successful collaboration, and logistical challenges and opportunities to enhance sustainability of PPP outcomes in the future. |
Mouth-level nicotine intake estimates from discarded filter butts to examine compensatory smoking in low nicotine cigarettes
Smith TT , Koopmeiners JS , Hatsukami DK , Tessier KM , Benowitz NL , Murphy SE , Strasser AA , Tidey JW , Blount BC , Valentin L , Bravo Cardenas R , Watson C , Pirkle JL , Donny EC . Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020 29 (3) 643-649 BACKGROUND: A mandated reduction in the nicotine content of cigarettes could reduce smoking rate and prevalence. However, one concern is that smokers may compensate by increasing the intensity with which they smoke each cigarette to obtain more nicotine. This study assessed whether smokers engage in compensatory smoking by estimating the mouth-level nicotine intake of low nicotine cigarettes smoked during a clinical trial. METHODS: Smokers were randomly assigned to receive cigarettes with one of five nicotine contents for 6 weeks. An additional group received a cigarette with the lowest nicotine content, but an increased tar yield. The obtained mouth-level nicotine intake from discarded cigarette butts for a subset of participants (51-70/group) was estimated using solanesol as described previously. A compensation index was calculated for each group to estimate the proportion of nicotine per cigarette recovered through changes in smoking intensity. RESULTS: There was no significant increase in smoking intensity for any of the reduced nicotine cigarettes as measured by the compensation index (an estimated 0.4% of the nicotine lost was recovered in the lowest nicotine group; 95% confidence interval, -0.1 to 1.2). There was a significant decrease in smoking intensity for very low nicotine content cigarettes with increased tar yield. CONCLUSIONS: Reductions in nicotine content did not result in compensatory changes in how intensively participants smoked research cigarettes. IMPACT: Combined with data from clinical trials showing a reduction in cigarettes smoked per day, these data suggest that a reduction in nicotine content is unlikely to result in increased smoke exposure. |
State socioeconomic indicators and self-reported hypertension among US adults, 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Fan AZ , Strasser SM , Zhang X , Fang J , Crawford CG . Prev Chronic Dis 2015 12 E27 INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is the leading cause of chronic disease and premature death in the United States. To date, most risk factors for hypertension have been identified at the individual (micro) level. The association of macro-level (area) socioeconomic factors and hypertension prevalence rates in the population has not been studied extensively. METHODS: We used the 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to examine whether state socioeconomic status (SES) indicators predict the prevalence of self-reported hypertension. Quintiles of state median household income, unemployment rate among the population aged 16 to 64 years, and the proportion of the population under the national poverty line were used as the proxy for state SES. Hypertension status was determined by the question "Have you ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that you have high blood pressure?" Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between state SES and hypertension with adjustment for individual covariates (demographic and socioeconomic factors and lifestyle behaviors). RESULTS: States with a median household income of $43,225 or less (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.16 [1.08-1.25]) and states with 18.7% or more of residents living below the poverty line (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.14 [1.04-1.24]) had a higher prevalence of hypertension than states with the most residents in the most advantageous quintile of the indicators. CONCLUSION: The observed state SES-hypertension association indicates that area SES may contribute to the burden of hypertension in community-dwelling adults. |
National survey of training needs reported by public health professionals in chronic disease programs in state, territorial, and local governments
Wilcox LS , Majestic EA , Ayele M , Strasser S , Weaver SR . J Public Health Manag Pract 2013 20 (5) 481-9 CONTEXT: In 2009, the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors published desirable competencies for professionals in public health chronic disease programs. Assessing the training needs of these professionals is an important step toward providing appropriate training programs in chronic disease prevention and control competencies. OBJECTIVES: Conduct a survey of the chronic disease workforce in state and local health departments to identify professional training needs. DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of state, territorial, and local public health professionals who work in chronic disease programs to identify their self-reported training needs, using the membership lists of 3 professional organizations that included practitioners in chronic disease public health programs. SETTING: The survey was national, used a convenience sample, and was conducted in 2011. PARTICIPANTS: The survey was developed using an algorithm to select anonymous participants from the membership lists of the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors, the Directors for Health Promotion and Education, and the National Association of County & City Health Officials. OUTCOME MEASURES: The survey included questions about professional background, chronic disease activities, confidence about skills, and needs for training. RESULTS: The survey had 567 responses (38% response ratio). The majority of the respondents were female, non-Hispanic white, and 40 years or older. Respondents were not confident of their skills in health economics (38%) and technology and data management (23%). The most requested training topics were assessing the effects of policies, laws, and regulations (70%) and health economics (66%). CONCLUSIONS: This survey included local, territorial, and state public health professionals who work in chronic disease programs. These reported training needs in quantitative measurement methods and policy-related topics suggest key subjects for future training and education curricula. |
Anthrax cases in pregnant and postpartum women: a systematic review
Meaney-Delman D , Zotti ME , Rasmussen SA , Strasser S , Shadomy S , Turcios-Ruiz RM , Wendel GD Jr , Treadwell TA , Jamieson DJ . Obstet Gynecol 2012 120 (6) 1439-49 OBJECTIVE: To describe the worldwide experience of Bacillus anthracis infection reported in pregnant, postpartum, and lactating women. DATA SOURCES: Studies were identified through MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Global Health databases from inception until May 2012. The key words (["anthrax" or "anthracis"] and ["pregna*" or "matern*" or "postpartum" or "puerperal" or "lact*" or "breastfed*" or "breastfeed*" or "fetal" or "fetus" or "neonate" or "newborn" or "abort*" or "uterus"]) were used. Additionally, all references from selected articles were reviewed, hand searches were conducted, and relevant authors were contacted. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: The inclusion criteria were: published articles referring to women diagnosed with an infection due to exposure to B anthracis during pregnancy, the postpartum period, or during lactation; any article type reporting patient-specific data; articles in any language; and nonduplicate cases. Non-English articles were professionally translated. Duplicate reports, unpublished reports, and review articles depicting previously identified cases were excluded. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Two authors independently reviewed articles for inclusion. The primary search of the four databases yielded 1,340 articles, and the secondary crossreference search revealed 146 articles. Fourteen articles met the inclusion criteria. In total, 20 cases of B anthracis infection were found, 17 in pregnant women, two in postpartum women, and one case in a lactating woman. Among these reports, 16 women died and 12 fetal or neonatal losses were reported. Of these fatal cases, most predated the advent of antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these case reports, B anthracis infection in pregnant and postpartum women is associated with high rates of maternal and fetal death. Evidence of possible maternal-fetal transmission of B anthracis infection was identified in early case reports. |
Feasibility study of social media to reduce intimate partner violence among gay men in metro Atlanta, Georgia
Strasser SM , Smith M , Pendrick-Denney D , Boos-Beddington S , Chen K , McCarty F . West J Emerg Med 2012 13 (3) 298-304 Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health issue occurring in the United States and globally. While little is known in general about IPV, understanding about the prevalence of physical IPV among gay men is even more obscure. There is a clear disparity in violence research attention focused on this vulnerable segment of society. This cross-sectional survey study was conducted to examine the feasibility of enrolling 100 gay men from Atlanta into an IPV survey study. The survey was administered via Facebook. Ninety-nine usable surveys were collected. Chi-square tests reveal that minority ethnic status, illicit drug use, and non-disclosed orientation status were all significantly associated with positive IPV reports--in terms of both victimization as well as perpetration. Overall, the majority of the study sample indicated that they believe IPV is a health problem in the Atlanta gay community. These findings bear importance for the Atlanta gay community and public health professionals who must address this nearly invisible yet increasing public health issue. |
State-level socioeconomic factors are associated with current depression among U.S. adults in 2006 and 2008
Fan AZ , Strasser S , Zhang XY , Dhingra S , McKnight-Eily L , Holt J , Balluz L . J Public Health Epidemiol 2011 3 (10) 462-470 This study investigated whether state-level socioeconomic deprivation and income inequality are associated with depression prevalence. Current depressive symptoms within a two-week timeframe were assessed using the patient health questionnaire-2 from the 2006 and 2008 behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BRFSS) administered in selected states. State socio-economic deprivation indexes (percent of people below poverty level; employment/population ratio for the population 16 to 64 years old; median household income) were obtained from the 2006 and 2008 American community survey (ACS). State Gini indexes (indicating income inequality) were obtained from 2000 U.S. Census. After controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, educational attainment, annual household income, and chronic physical health condition index, adults residing in states with median household income in the lowest quintile (OR (95% CI)=1.18 (1.16 to 1.20) vs. others), in states with population below poverty line greater than the fourth quintile (OR (95% CI)=1.22 (1.20 to 1.24), vs. others), in states with employment/population ratios in the lowest quintile (OR(95% CI)=1.31 (1.29 to 1.34), vs. others), and in states with higher income inequality (GINI index >0.452) (OR(95% CI)=1.22 (1.21-1.24), vs. others) had higher odds of current depression. The results suggest that state-level socioeconomic factors are associated with depression prevalence among U.S. adults beyond individual level socioeconomic characteristics. |
Parent-reported reasons for nonreceipt of recommended adolescent vaccinations, National Immunization Survey--Teen, 2009
Dorell C , Yankey D , Strasser S . Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2011 50 (12) 1116-24 OBJECTIVES: To identify parent-reported reasons for non-receipt of adolescent vaccinations by provider recommendation status. METHODS: Parental reasons for non-receipt of adolescent vaccines were analyzed among adolescents 13-17 years using data from the 2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen (n=20,066). RESULTS: Among unvaccinated adolescents, 87.9% (Td/Tdap), 90.9% (MenACWY), and 66.0% (HPV) of parents reported that they did not receive a healthcare provider recommendation for their adolescent to receive the vaccine. Among those without a provider recommendation, the most common reasons for not receiving the vaccines were 'vaccine not recommended' [Td/Tdap, MenACWY] and 'not needed' [HPV]. Among those with a recommendation, the most common parental reasons were 'lack of knowledge' [Td/Tdap], 'vaccine not needed' [MenACWY], and 'lack of knowledge' [HPV]. CONCLUSIONS: Non-receipt of provider recommendations was a main parent-reported reason for not getting vaccinated. Increasing parental knowledge and vaccination coverage through increased provider-parent communication about disease risk and vaccine benefits is needed. |
Characterization of CD8+ T-cell response in acute and resolved hepatitis A virus infection
Schulte I , Hitziger T , Giugliano S , Timm J , Gold H , Heinemann FM , Khudyakov Y , Strasser M , Konig C , Castermans E , Mok JY , van Esch WJ , Bertoletti A , Schumacher TN , Roggendorf M . J Hepatol 2011 54 (2) 201-8 BACKGROUND & AIMS: In contrast to the infection with other hepatotropic viruses, hepatitis A virus (HAV) always causes acute self-limited hepatitis, although the role for virus-specific CD8 T cells in viral containment is unclear. Herein, we analyzed the T cell response in patients with acute hepatitis by utilizing a set of overlapping peptides and predicted HLA-A2 binders from the polyprotein. METHODS: A set of 11 predicted peptides from the HAV polyprotein, identified as potential binders, were synthesized. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients were tested for IFNgamma secretion after stimulation with these peptides and ex vivo with HLA-A2 tetramers. Phenotyping was carried out by staining with the activation marker CD38 and the memory marker CD127. RESULTS: Eight out of 11 predicted HLA-A2 binders showed a high binding affinity and five of them were recognized by CD8+ T cells from patients with hepatitis A. There were significant differences in the magnitude of the responses to these five peptides. One was reproducibly immunodominant and the only one detectable ex vivo by tetramer staining of CD8+ T cells. These cells have an activated phenotype (CD38hi CD127lo) during acute infection. Three additional epitopes were identified in HLA-A2 negative patients, most likely representing epitopes restricted by other HLA-class I-alleles (HLA-A11, B35, B40). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with acute hepatitis A have a strong multi-specific T cell response detected by ICS. With the tetramer carrying the dominant HLA-A2 epitope, HAV-specific and activated CD8+ T cells could be detected ex vivo. This first description of the HAV specific CTL-epitopes will allow future studies on strength, breadth, and kinetics of the T-cell response in hepatitis A. |
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